(NH4)2SO4 + NaOH = Na2SO4 + NH3 + H2O - Chemical Equation Balancer

To balance the equation (NH4)2SO4 + NaOH = Na2SO4 + NH3 + H2O using the algebraic method step-by-step, you must have experience solving systems of linear equations. The most common methods are substitution/elimination and linear algebra, but any similar method will work.

Step 1: Label Each Compound With a Variable

Label each compound (reactant or product) in the equation with a variable vĩ đại represent the unknown coefficients.

Bạn đang xem: nh4 2so4 naoh

a (NH₄)₂SO₄ + b NaOH = c Na₂SO₄ + d NH₃ + f H₂O

Step 2: Create a System of Equations

Create an equation for each element (N, H, S, O, Na) where each term represents the number of atoms of the element in each reactant or product.

N:	2a	+	0b	=	0c	+	1d	+	0f
H:	8a	+	1b	=	0c	+	3d	+	2f
S:	1a	+	0b	=	1c	+	0d	+	0f
O:	4a	+	1b	=	4c	+	0d	+	1f
Na:	0a	+	1b	=	2c	+	0d	+	0f

Step 3: Solve For All Variables

Use substitution, Gaussian elimination, or a calculator vĩ đại solve for each variable.

2a - 1d = 0
8a + 1b - 3d - 2f = 0
1a - 1c = 0
4a + 1b - 4c - 1f = 0
1b - 2c = 0

Use your graphing calculator's rref() function (or an online rref calculator) vĩ đại convert the following matrix into reduced row-echelon-form:

Xem thêm: bầu ăn được ớt chuông không

[ 2	 0	 0	-1	 0	0]
[ 8	 1	 0	-3	-2	0]
[ 1	 0	-1	 0	 0	0]
[ 4	 1	-4	 0	-1	0]
[ 0	 1	-2	 0	 0	0]

The resulting matrix can be used vĩ đại determine the coefficients. In the case of a single solution, the last column of the matrix will contain the coefficients.

Simplify the result vĩ đại get the lowest, whole integer values.

Xem thêm: theo em chủ đề của truyện thánh gióng là gì

a = 1 ((NH4)2SO4)
b = 2 (NaOH)
c = 1 (Na2SO4)
d = 2 (NH3)
f = 2 (H2O)

Step 4: Substitute Coefficients and Verify Result

Count the number of atoms of each element on each side of the equation and verify that all elements and electrons (if there are charges/ions) are balanced.

(NH₄)₂SO₄ + 2 NaOH = Na₂SO₄ + 2 NH₃ + 2 H₂O