Cl2 + NaOH = NaCl + NaClO + H2O - Chemical Equation Balancer

To balance the equation Cl2 + NaOH = NaCl + NaClO + H2O using the algebraic method step-by-step, you must have experience solving systems of linear equations. The most common methods are substitution/elimination and linear algebra, but any similar method will work.

Step 1: Label Each Compound With a Variable

Label each compound (reactant or product) in the equation with a variable vĩ đại represent the unknown coefficients.

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a Cl₂ + b NaOH = c NaCl + d NaClO + f H₂O

Step 2: Create a System of Equations

Create an equation for each element (Cl, Na, O, H) where each term represents the number of atoms of the element in each reactant or product.

Cl:	2a	+	0b	=	1c	+	1d	+	0f
Na:	0a	+	1b	=	1c	+	1d	+	0f
O:	0a	+	1b	=	0c	+	1d	+	1f
H:	0a	+	1b	=	0c	+	0d	+	2f

Step 3: Solve For All Variables

Use substitution, Gaussian elimination, or a calculator vĩ đại solve for each variable.

2a - 1c - 1d = 0
1b - 1c - 1d = 0
1b - 1d - 1f = 0
1b - 2f = 0

Use your graphing calculator's rref() function (or an online rref calculator) vĩ đại convert the following matrix into reduced row-echelon-form:

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[ 2	 0	-1	-1	 0	0]
[ 0	 1	-1	-1	 0	0]
[ 0	 1	 0	-1	-1	0]
[ 0	 1	 0	 0	-2	0]

The resulting matrix can be used vĩ đại determine the coefficients. In the case of a single solution, the last column of the matrix will contain the coefficients.

Simplify the result vĩ đại get the lowest, whole integer values.

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a = 1 (Cl2)
b = 2 (NaOH)
c = 1 (NaCl)
d = 1 (NaClO)
f = 1 (H2O)

Step 4: Substitute Coefficients and Verify Result

Count the number of atoms of each element on each side of the equation and verify that all elements and electrons (if there are charges/ions) are balanced.

Cl₂ + 2 NaOH = NaCl + NaClO + H₂O