Fe2O3 + 6HCl → 2FeCl3 + 3H2O
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Word Equation
Hematite + Hydrogen Chloride = Ferric Chloride + Water
One mole of
and six moles of
react to lớn form two moles of
and three moles of
Place in the bottom of a test tube at the base oxide Fe2O3 1-2 ml of acid, then flick → The solid Đen Ferric oxide (Fe2O3) melting, creating golden brown solution
Fe2O3 generated acid reacts with iron salts (III) golden brown
Reactants
Hematite - Fe2O3
Iron(3+);Oxygen(2-) Haematitis Of Pliny Raphisiderite Oligiste Blood Stone
Hydrogen Chloride - HCl
Hcl
Products
Ferric Chloride - FeCl3
Fecl3 [Fecl3] Ferric;Trichloride Iron(3+);Trichloride
Water - H2O
Hydroxic Acid H₂O [Oh2] Aqua Pure Water Hydrogen Oxide Oxidane Dihydrogen Oxide
Thermodynamics
Thermodynamics of the reaction can be calculated using a lookup table.
Is the Reaction Exothermic or Endothermic?
| Fe2O3 (s hematite) | 1 mol | -824.248 kJ/mol | 824.248 kJ |
|---|---|---|---|
| HCl (g) | 6 mol | -92.29904 kJ/mol | 553.79424 kJ |
| FeCl3 (s) | 2 mol | -399.48832 kJ/mol | -798.97664 kJ |
| H2O (g) | 3 mol | -241.818464 kJ/mol | -725.455392 kJ |
| ΣΔH°f(reactants) | -1378.04224 kJ | ||
| ΣΔH°f(products) | -1524.432032 kJ | ||
| ΔH°rxn | -146.389792 kJ | ||
ΣΔH°f(reactants) > ΣΔH°f(products), sánh Fe2O3 + HCl = FeCl3 + H2O is exothermic (releases heat).
Is the Reaction Exoentropic or Endoentropic?
ΔS = Sproducts - Sreactants. If ΔS < 0, it is exoentropic. If ΔS > 0, it is endoentropic.
| Fe2O3 (s hematite) | 1 mol | 87.40376 J/(mol K) | -87.40376 J/K |
|---|---|---|---|
| HCl (g) | 6 mol | 186.77376 J/(mol K) | -1120.64256 J/K |
| FeCl3 (s) | 2 mol | 142.256 J/(mol K) | 284.512 J/K |
| H2O (g) | 3 mol | 188.715136 J/(mol K) | 566.145408 J/K |
| ΣΔS°(reactants) | 1208.04632 J/K | ||
| ΣΔS°(products) | 850.657408 J/K | ||
| ΔS°rxn | -357.388912 J/K | ||
ΣΔS°(reactants) > ΣΔS°(products), sánh Fe2O3 + HCl = FeCl3 + H2O is exoentropic (decrease in entropy).
Is the Reaction Exergonic or Endergonic?
ΔG = Gproducts - Greactants. If ΔG < 0, it is exergonic. If ΔG > 0, it is endergonic.
| Fe2O3 (s hematite) | 1 mol | -742.2416 kJ/mol | 742.2416 kJ |
|---|---|---|---|
| HCl (g) | 6 mol | -95.31152 kJ/mol | 571.86912 kJ |
| FeCl3 (s) | 2 mol | -334.05056 kJ/mol | -668.10112 kJ |
| H2O (g) | 3 mol | -228.588656 kJ/mol | -685.765968 kJ |
| ΣΔG°(reactants) | -1314.11072 kJ | ||
| ΣΔG°(products) | -1353.867088 kJ | ||
| ΔG°rxn | -39.756368 kJ | ||
ΣΔG°(reactants) > ΣΔG°(products), sánh Fe2O3 + HCl = FeCl3 + H2O is exergonic (releases energy).
Reaction Expressions
Kc or Q = ( [FeCl3]2 [H2O]3 ) / ( [Fe2O3] [HCl]6 )
(assuming all reactants and products are aqueous. substitutue 1 for any solids/liquids, and Psubstance for gases.)
rate = -(Δ[Fe2O3] / Δt) = -1/6 * (Δ[HCl] / Δt) = 50% * (Δ[FeCl3] / Δt) = 1/3 * (Δ[H2O] / Δt)
(assuming constant volume in a closed system and no accumulation of intermediates or side products)
Instructions
Xem thêm: giải phương trình lượng giác
To balance a chemical equation, enter an equation of a chemical reaction and press the Balance button. The balanced equation will appear above.
- Use uppercase for the first character in the element and lowercase for the second character. Examples: Fe, Au, Co, Br, C, O, N, F.
- Ionic charges are not yet supported and will be ignored.
- Replace immutable groups in compounds to lớn avoid ambiguity. For example, C6H5C2H5 + O2 = C6H5OH + CO2 + H2O will not be balanced, but XC2H5 + O2 = XOH + CO2 + H2O will.
- Compound states [like (s) (aq) or (g)] are not required.
- You can use parenthesis () or brackets [].
How To Balance Equations
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Practice Balancing Fe2O3 + HCl = FeCl3 + H2O
Balance Fe2O3 + HCl = FeCl3 + H2O Using the Algebraic Method
To balance the equation Fe2O3 + HCl = FeCl3 + H2O using the algebraic method step-by-step, you must have experience solving systems of linear equations. The most common methods are substitution/elimination and linear algebra, but any similar method will work.
Step 1: Label Each Compound With a Variable
Label each compound (reactant or product) in the equation with a variable to lớn represent the unknown coefficients.
a Fe2O3 + b HCl = c FeCl3 + d H2O
Step 2: Create a System of Equations
Create an equation for each element (Fe, O, H, Cl) where each term represents the number of atoms of the element in each reactant or product.
Fe: 2a + 0b = 1c + 0d O: 3a + 0b = 0c + 1d H: 0a + 1b = 0c + 2d Cl: 0a + 1b = 3c + 0d
Step 3: Solve For All Variables
Use substitution, Gaussian elimination, or a calculator to lớn solve for each variable.
- 2a - 1c = 0
- 3a - 1d = 0
- 1b - 2d = 0
- 1b - 3c = 0
Use your graphing calculator's rref() function (or an online rref calculator) to lớn convert the following matrix into reduced row-echelon-form:
[ 2 0 -1 0 0] [ 3 0 0 -1 0] [ 0 1 0 -2 0] [ 0 1 -3 0 0]
The resulting matrix can be used to lớn determine the coefficients. In the case of a single solution, the last column of the matrix will contain the coefficients.
Simplify the result to lớn get the lowest, whole integer values.
- a = 1 (Fe2O3)
- b = 6 (HCl)
- c = 2 (FeCl3)
- d = 3 (H2O)
Step 4: Substitute Coefficients and Verify Result
Count the number of atoms of each element on each side of the equation and verify that all elements and electrons (if there are charges/ions) are balanced.
Fe2O3 + 6 HCl = 2 FeCl3 + 3 H2O
| Fe | 2 | 2 | ✔️ |
|---|---|---|---|
| O | 3 | 3 | ✔️ |
| H | 6 | 6 | ✔️ |
| Cl | 6 | 6 | ✔️ |
Since there is an equal number of each element in the reactants and products of Fe2O3 + 6HCl = 2FeCl3 + 3H2O, the equation is balanced.
Balance Fe2O3 + HCl = FeCl3 + H2O Using Inspection
The law of conservation of mass states that matter cannot be created or destroyed, which means there must be the same number atoms at the kết thúc of a chemical reaction as at the beginning. To be balanced, every element in Fe2O3 + HCl = FeCl3 + H2O must have the same number of atoms on each side of the equation. When using the inspection method (also known as the trial-and-error method), this principle is used to lớn balance one element at a time until both sides are equal and the chemical equation is balanced.
Step 1: Count the number of each element on the left and right hand sides
| Reactants (Left Hand Side) | Products (Right Hand Side) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reactants | Products | ||||||
| Fe2O3 | HCl | Total | FeCl3 | H2O | Total | ||
| Fe | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | ❌ | ||
| O | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | ❌ | ||
| H | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | ❌ | ||
| Cl | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | ❌ | ||
Step 2: Multiply coefficients for compounds to lớn balance out each element
For each element that is not equal, try to lớn balance it by adding more of it to lớn the side with less. Sometimes there may be multiple compounds with that element on one side, sánh you'll need to lớn use your best judgement and be prepared to lớn go back and try the other options.
Fe is not balanced. Add 1 molecule of FeCl3 to lớn the product (right-hand) side to lớn balance Iron:
Fe2O3 + HCl = 2FeCl3 + H2OReactants Products Fe 2 2 ✔️ O 3 1 ❌ H 1 2 ❌ Cl 1 6 ❌ O is not balanced. Add 2 molecules of H2O to lớn the product (right-hand) side to lớn balance Oxygen:
Fe2O3 + HCl = 2FeCl3 + 3H2OReactants Products Fe 2 2 ✔️ O 3 3 ✔️ H 1 6 ❌ Cl 1 6 ❌ H is not balanced. Add 5 molecules of HCl to lớn the reactant (left-hand) side to lớn balance Hydrogen:
Fe2O3 + 6HCl = 2FeCl3 + 3H2OReactants Products Fe 2 2 ✔️ O 3 3 ✔️ H 6 6 ✔️ Cl 6 6 ✔️
Step 3: Verify that the equation is balanced
Since there are an equal number of atoms of each element on both sides, the equation is balanced.
Fe2O3 + 6HCl = 2FeCl3 + 3H2O
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